Cook butternut squash ravioli according to package directions, adding asparagus the last minute of cooking. Drain, reserving 1/2 cup cooking water.
Meanwhile, season chicken breast with kosher salt and black pepper. Cook in olive oil over medium-high heat in a large skillet, partially covered, until cooked through, 4 to 6 minutes per side; slice.
Reduce heat to medium, add butter, and cook until golden brown, 1 to 2 minutes. Add shallot and cook until golden, 2 to 3 minutes. Stir in sage and garlic. Cook until fragrant, 1 minute. Fold in ravioli, asparagus, and reserved cooking liquid. Season with kosher salt and black pepper. Serve topped with sliced chicken and grated pecorino.
